by George Crout
Stephen Vail obtained a contract from John Cleves Symmes which provided for the laying out of the town plat of Middletown. The town was laid out in the center part of fractional section 2S, town 2, range 4. Stephen and Shobal Vail had received from the government a patent for the whole north half of section 2S. Richard Watts received 100 acres in the center part Moses Vail had title to the 100 acres in the southeast corner. Stephen Vail’s entry was bounded on the south by the half section line; it was bounded on the south by the half section line; it was on the east side of this entry and along the line of the river that he laid out the original town plat, part of which he surveyed into 52 lots, while the remaining part of the 100 acres was left unsurveyed. This town, fronting the Great Miami River, was laid out in 1802.
It is still a question as to why the town was called Middletown. One local historian stated that the town received its name because Stephen Vail, its founder, had come from Middletown, New Jersey. Another writer believed that the town was named Middletown because it was the midway point of navigation on the Miami River, which was then considered a navigable stream.
Middletown, when laid out by Vail, represented another speculation in the Miami country, but it soon grew into one of the principal settlements of frontier Ohio. Stephen Vail died in 1808 without receiving a deed for his land. Although he had laid out the town plat, and had sold lots, he could not make out the deeds for the buyers. Later a case was brought before the Ohio Supreme Court by Aaron and Moses Vail, and the fact was established that some of the lots--at least 13 or 14--had been sold for $20 each. The court was asked to execute the deed.
Stephen Vail built the first log cabin in the new town. Upon the death of their father, Shobal and Hugh Veil, his sons, inherited the land in Middletown.
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